![]() Recommended adult immunization schedule, United States, 2019. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis) vaccine information statement.Recommended child and adolescent immunization schedule.Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of diphtheria. Epidemiology and pathophysiology of diphtheria. A Tdap vaccine may also be recommended as part of the tetanus-diphtheria (Td) series for children ages 7 through 10 who aren't up to date with the vaccine schedule. ![]() Talk to your doctor about vaccines and booster shots if you're unsure of your vaccination status. It's also recommended once during pregnancy, regardless of previous vaccinations. The vaccine for Tdap is an alternative vaccine for adolescents ages 11 through 18 and adults who haven't previously had a booster. This combination vaccine is given by injection, usually into the arm or thigh. The booster is given as a tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (Tdap) vaccine or as a diphtheria booster combined with the tetanus booster - the tetanus-diphtheria (Td) vaccine. Booster shots are particularly important if you travel to an area where diphtheria is common. The next booster shot is recommended 10 years later, then repeated at 10-year intervals. That's because immunity to diphtheria fades with time.Ĭhildren who received all of the recommended vaccinations before age 7 should receive their first booster shot at around age 11 or 12. Some children - such as those with epilepsy or another nervous system condition - may not be able to get the DTaP vaccine.Īfter the initial series of vaccinations in childhood, you need booster shots of the diphtheria vaccine to help you maintain your immunity. In rare cases, the DTaP vaccine causes serious but treatable complications in a child, such as an allergic reaction (hives or a rash develops within minutes of the injection). Ask your doctor what you can do for your child to minimize or relieve these effects.Ĭomplications are very rare. Some children may experience a mild fever, fussiness, drowsiness or tenderness at the injection site after a diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis (DTaP) shot. The diphtheria vaccine is effective at preventing diphtheria. Vaccination consists of a series of five shots, typically administered in the arm or thigh, given to children at these ages: The diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis vaccine is one of the childhood vaccinations that doctors in the United States recommend during infancy. The latest version of this vaccine is known as the DTaP vaccine for children and the Tdap vaccine for adolescents and adults. The three-in-one vaccine is known as the diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis vaccine. The diphtheria vaccine is usually combined with vaccines for tetanus and whooping cough (pertussis). Today, the disease is not only treatable but also preventable with a vaccine. Rates of death are higher in children under age 5 or adults older than age 40.īefore antibiotics were available, diphtheria was a common illness in young children. Diphtheria is fatal about 5% to 10% of the time. With treatment, most people with diphtheria survive these complications, but recovery is often slow. At that point, you might need mechanical assistance to breathe. If the diphtheria toxin damages the nerves that help control muscles used in breathing, these muscles may become paralyzed. Nerves to the arms and legs also may become inflamed, causing muscle weakness. Typical targets are nerves to the throat, where poor nerve conduction may cause difficulty swallowing. At its worst, myocarditis can lead to heart failure and sudden death. Heart damage from myocarditis may be slight or severe. For example, it can damage the heart muscle, causing such complications as inflammation of the heart muscle (myocarditis). The diphtheria toxin may spread through the bloodstream and damage other tissues in the body. At that site, the infection produces a tough, gray membrane made up of dead cells, bacteria and other substances. ![]() This toxin damages tissue in the immediate area of infection - usually, the nose and throat. Diphtheria-causing bacteria may produce a toxin.
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